SATA hard disk is type of HDD (Hard Disk Drive). SATA stand for Serial Advanced Technology Attachment is a bus interface that connects hard disks, optical drives

-    It was introduced in 2001

-    It uses thin data cable

-    It is 7 pins connector. 

-  The data transfer speed is higher than PATA (Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment). 

-  It has less power consumption. SATA has more advantages than PATA

-  It is available in different sizes in market. Such as: 40GB, 80GB, 150GB, 500GB, etc.

                For example, look SATA hard disk in below picture:

Fig: SATA Hard Disk